Seasonal
climatic variability is affected by precession,which changes the date
at which the Earth reaches its perihelion (closest place to the sun).
If perihelion is reached in winter (currently on January 3), seasonal
differences in insolation are reduced in the Northern hemisphere because
this Hemisphere is closer to the Sun.
The
elliptical shape of Earth’s orbit
slowly precesses in space, so that
the major and minor axes of the
ellipse slowly swift through time.